Marketing Plan and Strategy for Online Company

selling Plan and schema for On straining familyThe merchandising syllabus explains the excogitation of an on line island of Jersey Compevery by the chance upon of The island of Jersey. It explains on what grounds the come with is make and the tactics to run the agate line. The situational digest explains the emphasise of the crossroadion line. The trade plan explains how the overlapion bequeath be made unimpeachable by the audience and the modes of aw arness that lead employ to retrace the product k necessitate to the securities industry in Karachi, Pakistan. It in any(prenominal) berth explains the ways that entrust inspection and repair the product to charm the market in lesser time period. The agree pith for initiating the pedigree is $100,700/= (I need about 40,000 pounds investment)- this amount is apprx 63000 in pound, enthral let me know if we switch to only consider the exact amount of 40,000 punds. Kindly confirm this so that we have to ch ange the change our be sheet. The island of Jersey Companys ( the name of the friendship is T-Shirt party mission is to purport far preceding(prenominal) the ground superiority t-shirts to stooge audiences with a plan to expand in future moving into further product categories. It has been anticipate that the business go away grow in the coming three geezerhood with gradual increases in the revenues.(And in any case try to set a target market like Pakistan, dubai etc, because we stomacht serve whole world on that point argon different pass judgment like currency and post progress rates which result confuse us,so it is imposible to serve whole world)- Karachi is mentioned in the report now1. SITUATIONAL ANALYSISThe avail tycoon of internet makes it incredibly loose to instigate an array Web site comparatively promptly. The initiative to start the business exit start with the assembly of an internet based on line make for the propagation and the development of the bu siness. Similar to a physical, bricks-and-mortar island of Jersey business, the establishment of the friendship is backed by research and planning for future penetration and to capture market in less time (Woerndl 2007). The online company by the name of The jersey Company is an innovative and exciting business that lead service the clients to wear a planed- shirt of their own choice based in Karachi, Pakistan. The business testament be aided by latest figurer engineering to help in customized printing o T-shirts in teeny bulks. This online company go forth accept orders from anywhere at any time. The plectron to choose the sensible, style and design go forth be always there. The anterior and back designing base be chosen by the node. thus the customer can express himself ultimately. The T-shirt with the customized designs exit help a person the inner opinion of be a fanatic or a sportsman or a musician or the customer can feel the celebrity feeling by wearing a T-shirt having a picture of a celebrity imprinted on it. The T-shirt may be imprinted with a social message or a causative clause to capture the attraction of others (Urban 2004).1.1 Marketing and Brand outlineThe company go forth provide a act of options for the T-shirt wearers. The business is solely meant for T-shirt ordering. The T-shirt Company go away have ties with printing companies to utilize their printer sublimation technology. This will help in developing a computer contrive to be applied to a shirt in a high note, high resolution, and economic ally feasible manner. The use of this technology will help the customer to use the shirt for a longstanding period of time with out any tension of the print to be washed away. The sublimation technology is cost efficient enough to offer customers the ability to order just one unit. The customer may choose from a wide-ranging collection of approachable imagery, provide their own image, or have an artist generate a representa tion for them (Ackerberg 2001).Marketing barters schemeThe gross sales outline will make putting the order to The T-shirt Company a pleasing experience. The sales team will interminably expire for the website since it is the chief(prenominal) portal for the purpose of ordering. The sales will work on the persistent development of the website which is considered as the main instrument used for ordering. Similarly, the website will be user friendly since it will be the direct source to come in contact with the customer. It is necessary since all the choices for the customer are available on the web portal. The sales will be performed directly on this portal. The directions for the use of the site will be easy to understand so that the customer will not get frustrated. It will be important to have a responsive, comprehensible web user interface for ii major reasons. First, there are so numerous choices botherible that it could turn into daunting to the patron and the tur n reason is that a too large segment of sales will be positioned on the website. It is essential to produce it so uncomplicated that people dont impede part way end-to-end ordering butt due to cumbersome (Cateora and Graham 2007).The T-shirt will also incorporate the succeeding(a) techniques for boosting the sales. The priority is extraordinary customer service. The second technique is to put to death the order giving the customer a feeling of furnished product and giving the customer a sense that the business is meant for the customer. Sales can be enhanced by providing high bore products (The pay Resource 2010).Competitive EdgeThe T-shirt Company has fol unhopefuling dominant competitory advantages.The strategic partnerships with companies that have existing lifelike image libraries, The T-shirt Company is able to offer an extraordinary number of options. another(prenominal) competitors costs proscribe printing custom shirts in one-off manu occurrenceuring runs while the T-shirt Company offers single item order (Gauzente and Ranchhod 2002).The T-shirt Company is a unique online T-shirt company that offers a wide range of customized products. It uses the sublimation process to put the prints on the fabric of T-shirts. This is a cost effective method since the T-shirt Company offers the option of small production runs. The use of recent technology has made the use of sublimation process cost efficient (Eighmey 1997).As specified and prcised by the name, there will mainly be an emphasis on T-shirts. Organic fabrics, Long sleeves, Short sleeves and a renewing of styles will also be offered (The Finance Resource 2010).Corporate strategyThe corporate strategy of The T-shirts Company focuses its customers and peers keeping in view the stem to bring innovation and style in the world of T-shirt market. ca-ca connection with consumersBring affordable products with the demand the customersMake our online company a competitive advantage, through regulation and distinctionSpeed up emersion through focused implementationThe corporate strategy is meant to leverage the put up strategy (Johnson 1998).Brand StrategyOur taint reflects youth and style thusly the tag line will be Wear the style with sympathiser. This reflects an furbish up of the target audience that is youth goes for style while adults prefer comfort (Greenwald, Anthony and Leavitt 1984).The brand strategy of The T-shirt Company is Brand Extension. Brand acknowledgment means coming up with a new product line along with the existing one. Initially we will emphasis on our shopping center product that is the T-shirts. With the passage of time as the profitability of the current product increases we will go into line extension that is the manu itemuring of other shirts for casual and stately wear (The Finance Resource 2010).Marketing and Brand CommunicationOur chimerical approaches guarantee engagement, and an occupied, considerate audience will be far much approachable to our message. We can create a communications strategy to maximise the feign, by communicating with your audience prior to, and avocation to any merchandise event. All pre-event communication will be created in-brand our website, and other media methods we are adopting. This will build up expectation. All tactics designed to enhance the brand (Laroche, Michel, grub and Kim 1996).2. MARKETING AND BRAND OBJECTIVES2.1 Marketing and Brand ObjectivesBrand forms the mental home of a marketing activity and Brand plays the biggest role in creating place in the minds of a customer. The strength of the brand is critical to our companys long-term business health and kale (Griffin and Pustay 2009).The utmost intent of The T-shirt Company is to make The T-shirt preferred brand among the target audience (Greenwald, Anthony and Leavitt 1984). The brand will reflect theRecognition among the competitorsTargeting the audiences so as to captureAttaining a number of new clients in the next gradePositioning the brand as an manufacturing leader in the next five monthsEmploy a local promotion with the Companys targeted audience through the use of newspaper advertisements, flyers and news show of tattle promotion and internet blogs.Develop the websites to fully attain the perplexity of the customers who are the ultimate people to be served (Woerndl 2007).The power of our brand lies in its ability to focus on its target audiences as the specificity of the products full supports to the brand. The objective of our brand is to touch customer loyalty in order to huckster the customer to come for repeat purchases. The brand development clause will be incorporated in the corporate strategy to strengthen the impact for brand in future development (Jagdish and Sheth 1971).3. MARKETING AND BRAND strategy3.1 Market Analysis SummaryThe T-shirt Company has segmented this market into devil conferences.The first target group is one who prefers already made designs.The second g roup prefers the customized designs. The creation of segmentation is again based on the demographic of the buyers as there are two separate groups of buyers (Laroche, Michel, Zhou and Kim 1996).3.2 Market classThe market has been segmented into two groups on the basis of the following two characters.By product typeAge group3.3 Target Market Segment StrategyThe T-shirt Company has selected two market segments i.e. follow demographic segmentation and the second is based on Psychographic segmentation. The reason is that the customers will chose according to their lifestyle (Ackerberg 2001).3.4 Business AnalysisThe T-shirt industry is brick and mortar based. This business is mostly niche but The T-shirt Company is meant to cater to the general market. Most of the associate in the industry fall into two major categories which include those that sell to individuals and secondly those that slope in multi-unit production (Brister 1991).3.5 CompetitionThe T-shirt will face local as well a s international brand competition. Along with the online competitors brick and mortar competition is also prevailing in the market. Large numbers of companies are involved in computer based techniques to cut costs. The T-shirt Company is able to influence proprietary expertise as an aggressive spring to produce much higher quality computer sublimation (Gauzente and Ranchhod 2002).3.6 Promotion StrategyWe will adopt the push strategy making use of a companys sales force and trade endorsement activities to create consumer demand for a product (Laroche, Michel, Zhou and Kim 1996),3.7 Price and pricing strategyThe per unit set of each item i.e. one t-shirt is $ 20 which is very competitive as compared to the market. The price charged for products and services is set synthetically low in order to gain market divvy up. Once this is achieved, the price will be increased. This approach will help in attaining the market share initially (Johnson 1998).3.8 Strategy and Implementation Summar yThe T-shirt Company will influence its two competitive edges on rivals to quickly grasp and gain market share. These two competitive edges are wide range of graphic designs and the cost efficiency of the technology. Student groups and Youth events will be targeted. The kindred way, the sales drift will attract the customers through word of mouth referrals (The Finance Resource 2010).Here you just define the things but you didnt explained what our company will do.I think if you read the details properly, you can take a chance the proper procedure regarding the companys working4. ACTION PROGRAM4.1 Market SegmentationThe market has been segmented into two groups on the basis of the following two characters.Market will be segmented on customer age basis. Ages 12-25 will be in more focusMarket will be segmented on the basis of students because students will be our main customerSegmented to all those customer earning accumulative $ 8000The marketing turn on will emphasize to promote the online shop as giving the customer a customized product (The Finance Resource 2010). There are a few(prenominal) of the tactics to inform the customers about the venue of the product .The message can be spread as follows.4.2 Promotion through EventsDifferent events will be sponsored which includes sports events and music festivals along with the innovative kind of tremendous gaudy events as a means of growing visibility.4.3 Promotion through stallingThe store will have a computer kiosk for customers to admittance the design book. The customer can then put the order online or take the information to a worker to place the order (The Finance Resource 2010).4.4 Promotion through Student groupsThe T-shirt Company will involve student groups to actively participate in increasing the cognizance about the product. The demographic and psychographic both factors will be visible in this tactic.4.5 ProductThe major product is the t-shirts which will be promoted to the customers through the above mentioned media.4.6 Logo CreationOur company will choose a logotype for its branding. The logo will be source of recognition for the company since the figure comes to the mind of the audiences.4.7 Sales Forecast and sales Action planThe sales output will be conservative in the first year in order to fulfill the set targets. The sales foreshadow will be divided on the basis of the two factors that graphic design and the product type. The sales will be performed directly on the website portal. The directions for the usage of the site will be easy to understand so that the customer will not get frustrated (Urban 2004).The T-shirt will also incorporate the techniques for boosting the sales. The priority is extraordinary customer service. The second technique is to fulfill the order giving the customer a feeling of furnished product and giving the customer a sense that the business is meant for the customer. Sales can be enhanced by providing high quality products.4.8 Websit e OptimizationThe website will be essential in The T-shirt company marketing private road is a key sales tool for both distant and customers. The access address will be used in promotional material and by heartening people to explore the company products.Good quality promotional t-shirtsT-shirts printed with your logo or message.Branding is all do by sprinting.Graphics approves through e-mail.No hidden chargesFree delivery to customers(I notice you are giving characters in every paragraph, but this is the plan in which we have to write our own company plan, so there should be more words(plan or strategies) from our side)You are absolutely right but This is the identical way we asked you in HR assignment if you remember.. but we were asked to insert the reference in every part of the assignment4.9 Market AuditThe scrutinize will include psychoanalysis of the companys marketing strategy, marketing association and marketing efficiency. It must be organized in order to give cover conclusions based on the analysis. To make certain impartiality, this market scrutinize is better done by a department, person or arranging that is commutative and is away of the marketing program. Marketing audits must not to be done when the value of a current marketing plan of a company is in problem it has to be done sporadically to isolate and resolving problems prior to they arise. Marketing audit will be held in case if the existing marketing plan fails to operate effectively. The audit will be run accordingly to solve the problems in advance. It means that marketing audit will help the company in gauging its profitability and effectiveness (Xiaofen and Yiling 2009).The company will actively look, make possible, and give confidence for feedback, both promote and pessimistic by creating friendly and omnipresence of complaint and suggestion systems (Woerndl 2007).4.10 focusOur influential online entrusted management system can make possible all communication this includ es organization of enticement and registrations, ensuring all delegate necessities are met5. project PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT5.1 Financial Look UpThe sales forecast is sensibly conservative so that goals will be attainable. Sales will be slow at the start, a function of the fact that The T-Shirt Company is just a start up organization and it will get time to build an ample foundation. The total budget we assume $100,700/- approx here we take assumption of increase in sale and percentage of taxes and interest rates.5.2 Assumptions lot Increase in Sale147%Percentage Cost Of Sale147%Inflation Rate21%Increase in Rent per Year10%payroll Tax15% wager on Debt10%Tax Rate30% perfect paleness25200Total Debt755005.3 Sensitivity AnalysisThe company can also faces any declines in terms of revenues in economic downtown and our product which essentially considered as a non-essential item and therefore company can also faces any issues in profitability and income due economic recession. So consi dering the fact Company has to pay attention and focus on the sales and the profits earning should remain same or even better in any economic stage (The Finance Resource 2010).5.4 Income StatementYear 1Year 2$$Sales117882291169Direct cost of sale58941145584 separate Cost of Goods00Total Cost of Sale58941145584 vulgar Margin58941145584Percentage of Gross Margin50%50%ExpensesPayroll6840082764Sales, Marketing and other Expenses25003025Depreciation996996Rent1100012100Utilities33003993Insurance30003630Payroll Taxes1026011799Total Operating Expenses99456118307Profit Before Interest and Expenses-4051527277.27EBITDA-3951928273.27Interest Expense60455700Taxes Incurred05743Net Profit-4656015834.27Net Profit/Sale-39%(set it at -25%)5%(this is ok)Note 1$ = Rs. 85 (PKR)6. CONTROL METHODSThe statement method comprises of the following efficiency calculating techniques.6.1 Sales AnalysisMonthly sales forecast and the target meted will be matched to find the accuracy of the promotional campaign .I t will help in comparing the sales target and the discrepancies (Urban 2004).6.2 Market-share analysisMarket share will be analyzed keeping in view the sales of other competitors (Gauzente and Ranchhod 2002).6.3 Expense-to-sales analysisIt will clearly debate the range of costs that are explicit and implicit of achieving the company sales target (The Finance Resource 2010).6.4 Financial analysisStrict monetary accountability will exist. It will calculate various performance ratios such(prenominal) as profit margin, Expense-to-sales analysis, sales to assets and profits to worth (Cateora and Graham 2007).6.5 guest gladnessIt is the eventual pointer of tracking goal accomplishment. Recurrent satisfaction and customer constancy surveys should form an essential part of any marketing drive (Gauzente and Ranchhod 2002).6.6 Profitability go throughThere is no point in extravagant limited resources on marketing efforts that guarantee nothing only name appreciation. The company will fo cus and check what products and consumer groups give in the most profits and assessment of running campaigns (Cateora and Graham 2007).6.7 Efficiency controlThe local picture is important. The company will scrutinize if there are any divergence between the feedback of consumer types and various market niches (Brister 1991).6.8 Strategic controlThe accompaniment of effectiveness control is tactical control. It counts for the overall and long-term marketing plan It will clearly bring to the front the weaknesses, and market opportunities (Gauzente and Ranchhod 2002).6.9 Marketing auditThe marketing audit is the raw matter for the tactical control. It will ensure that the marketing plan highlight the companys strengths that are well-matched with shifting market reaction, events, fashions, predilection, needs, and precedence of consumers (Cateora and Graham 2007).

Parliamentary sovereignty

parliamentary reignAlthough in theory fan tan is sovereign, the bad reality is that British fundamental arrangements ensure that accepted fountain lies with the Executive.Part A Many countries such as the United States be collapse a indite constitution more(prenominal)over Britain does not, however it essential have mostthing which is at the heart of its constitutional arrangements1 and this remove is fulfilled by the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty.The traditional and most a lot applied definition of parliamentary sovereignty is that of unsafe, who stated, the principle of parliamentary sovereignty means the right to make or unmake any justness whatever and come along, that no person or body is recognised by the law of England as having a right to override or curing aside the rule of fantan2. From this definition, three fundamental principles fucking be derived the kickoff is that Parliament can make or unmake any law. An compositors case of this princi ple in practice The Septennial play 1715 was passed to extend the life of Parliament from three to s redden years unwrap of fear of the effects of an election. His Majestys contract of Abdication propel 1936 demonstrates Parliaments great(p) political sympathies agency to alter the line of succession to the good deal and the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 demonstrate Parliament legislating over its own procedures.The contend Damage Act 1965 overruled a home of headmasters decision in Burmah embrocate Company v Lord Advocate 19653 and is a demonstration of Parliaments ability to make or unmake any law as it was qualified to legislate with retrospective effect.The second principle of Diceys theory is that Parliament cannot be bound by its predecessors or contain its successors. This affirms Thomas Paines theory that, each(prenominal)(prenominal) age and generation mustinessiness be free to act for itself, in all cases as the ages and generations which preceded it4. V auxhall Estates Ltd v Liverpool Corporation 19325 concerned conflict among The Housing Act 1925 and the Acquisition of Land Act 1919 where it was held that the provisions of the after act would apply this is cognize as implied repeal and demonstrates Parliaments inability to bind its successors. Ellen Streets Estates Ltd. v Minister for Health 19346 besides held that the later Act must apply and it was stated that the intention of Parliament to repeal the legislation must be devoted effect just because it is the get out of the general assembly7. The third sancti aned principle of Diceys theory is that no-one can head Parliaments laws, as Blackstone stated, true it is, that what the Parliament doth, no authority on earth can undo8. In Edinburgh Dalkeith railway system Co v Wauchope 18429, Wauchope sought to challenge an Act of Parliament on the grounds that he was not induen notice of its introduction as a bill into Parliament. His challenge was rejected on the al-Qaeda t hat the courts ar precluded from investigating whether the proper internal procedures have in fact been complied with10, this is known as the enrolled act rule, affirmed in Pickin v British Railways come along 197411. The courts cannot question the validity of an Act of Parliament or decl atomic number 18 it reduce illustrating the role of the judiciary in upholding the principle of parliamentary sovereignty.Exceptionally in R (Jackson) v Attorney General 200512 the validity of the Hunting Act 2004 and use of the Parliament Act 1949 were challenged. It was affirmed that regardless of the way an Act has been passed, even if using the Parliament Acts, the courts cannot challenge the validity of primeval legislation. and Jackson did raise issues of sovereignty in practice, Lord entrust stated, the side of meat principle of the absolute legislative sovereignty of Parliamentis being qualified13. parliamentary sovereignty is app atomic number 18ntly sustained, accompanimently by t he judiciary and is justified in that the principal(prenominal) legislative House, the ballpark, is democrati forebodey elected. Yet the acknowledgement by Lord Hope in Jackson recognises that the concept is increasingly subject to limitations.Lord Steyn in Jackson besides recognised the dominance of the parking area by the administrator- the administration, the index fingerfulness of a government with a large(p) majority in the House of Commons is redoub hold over14, and warned that use of the Parliament Acts creates a danger of exorbitant avowal of government office15. This assertion of power that Lord Steyn warns of should theory-basedly be anticipateed by the constitutional principle of the separation of powers. The doctrine of the separation of powers is largely associated with might Montesquieu who establish his famous exposition of the doctrine on his understanding of the British constitution16. He identified three institutions of the state the legislature that makes the laws, the executive director director director director director that formulates and forges insurance policy and the judiciary that adjudicates upon and imposes sanctions for breaking the law. Montesquieu argued that the result of these three powers concentrated in the equivalent man or the same body17 would pose a flagellum to separate liberty and that to prevent excessive concentration of macrocosm power the functions of each(prenominal) should be allocated clearly. stock-still Jennings identified that Montesquieu did not mean that the legislature and executive should have no influence over the other, scarcethat neither should exercise the power of the other18. in that location should be a system of checks and balances in signal to void concentration of power.The United States is an sample of strong separation as the written constitution embeds the doctrine the structure and power of the three institutions is laid out within Articles 1-3. Checks a nd balances atomic number 18 in place to ensure separation of power, for example the Presidents proposed legislative programme is checked by congress and the Supreme Court. thither is however, in practice, fusion between the legislature and executive in the British constitution for example the constitutional chemical formula that segments of the executive come from one of the Houses of Parliament, the executive, far from being separated from the legislature, is drawn from within its ranks19. The set Minister, is also by convention a member of the House of Commons the legislature. In contrast, in the United States the president is separately elected and may be of a different political fellowship than the one with a majority in either or both Houses of Congress.Under the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 there is imposed a statutory limit of 95 government ministers that may come from the House of Commons and prohibition of accepted groups from becoming members such as c ivil servants and judicial office holders. This to approximately extent preserves separation however through its majority in the House of Commons the executive it is still likely to have the ability to dominate proceedings. By convention, the political party that wins the most seats at a general election forms a government the executive and a first past the post electoral system ensures that it will have a large majority of seats in the House of Commons. Dicey recognised this as a worrying shift in power stating that the majority party in the House can arrogate to itself that legislative omnipotence which of right belongs to the nation20. Essentially there is a concern that the executive can control the legislative command of Parliament and ensure that its legislative proposals atomic number 18 enacted. There is also a fusion of function as the executive is involved in law making through delegated legislation. A large summation is do by Ministers and departments of the executi ve concerning important matters with justification in its efficiency compared with the passing of an Act of Parliament. It can also be made by those with specialist knowledge whilst mononuclear phagocyte system may not have the relevant expertise. However it conflicts with the theory of Parliamentary sovereignty as the executive is the supreme law making body in terms of the amount of legislation produced. Subsequently power lies with the executive at the expense of the legislature, both(prenominal) have depicted this state of affairs as an abdication by Parliament from its principle constitutional role in favour of the executive21. claim powers are an example of fusion as they leave considerable power in the hands of the executive and allow Ministers to legislate without the consent of Parliament. However to some extent this is limited by judicial review as in R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex parte Fire Brigades Union 199522, where it was held that it was unlawfu l for the Home Secretary to introduce changes to a scheme which were incompatible with an Act of Parliament.The unwritten British constitution is based largely on conventions and this is an important contributor to fusion between the legislature and executive. Although in theory Parliament is sovereign, in practice this legislative supremacy of Parliament is in force(p)ly inherited by the executive giving it true power.The constitutional theorist Walter Bagehot argues that far from being a problem, this fused kinship had clear merits, the efficient secret of the English Constitution may be described as the close union, the nearly complete fusion, of the executive and legislative powers.23 Lord Hailsham used the term elective dictatorship24, to criticise the way in which the executive may control the legislature. Part B In light(a) of this, it is to be critically evaluated to what extent this fusion is hard whether the checks and balances as confident(p) by the doctrine of the separation of powers are effective enough to prevent abuse of power by the executive in particular Parliamentary scrutiny.There is a concern that the Government in general is to a fault dominant over parliamentary proceedings25 such as the Parliamentary timetable and legislative branch. The majority of Bills considered by Parliament will be introduced by the executive and derive from its policy commitments. With its strong majority in Parliament the executive is afterward able to secure its policies into law and this is predominately through control of its members quite a than active engagement with the issues26. Party members are told by government whips to voting in accordance with the party line and are unlikely to disport from this requirement as supporting the party is beneficial they are more likely to be promoted to a position within the executive. Almost all bills are approved by each House even if they are amended and by convention the Queen cannot refuse the royal as sent.Delegated legislation such as statutory instruments and orders in council are also a significant example of the legislative power of the executive in particular Henry VIII clauses of the parent act allowing statutory instruments to change the primary legislation itself. It is argued that these clauses go right to the heart of the key constitutional question of the limits of executive power27. The Legislative Regulatory elucidate Bill (LRRB) when introduced into Parliament contained many an(prenominal) of these clauses which would have enabled Ministers to make delegated legislation amending, repealing or replacing primary or secondary legislation. It was termed the abolition of Parliament bill because of the power it would give to Ministers it also proposed limitations on Parliamentary scrutiny of these actions by Ministers.Parliamentary scrutiny of the executive is of fundamental importance in ensuring that the government acts under the law and in accordance with the princip les of constitutionalism and democracy28. John Lockes theory of the consent of the governed29 is such that a governments legitimacy to use state power is exclusively justified and legal when derived from the people. thusly the executive should be news reportable to Parliament, as a representative of the electorate. The theoretical underpinning of this accounting systemability is the convention of ministerial responsibility. Collective responsibility is such that Ministers must creationly approve the Cabinets decisions or resign this serves to strengthen the executive further by always showing a united front but does not enhance transparency. Individually Ministers must bear responsibility for the actions of their departments. There are various scrutiny mechanisms used to hold the executive and its Ministers to account for their actions however their effectiveness is often doubtful.ministerial interview cadence enables Members of Parliament to question government Ministers in the House of Commons. This method of obtaining information and scrutinising the actions of the executive is not a spontaneous affair30 as there is notice given of the questions to be asked. However there is strength in that the answers given are recorded and subsequently become a part of public records. The Ministerial Code outlines that ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament31 and that ministers should be as open as possible with Parliament and the public32 providing firm regulation on the answers to be given. Question Time is televised and it is arguable that this is successful at providing public insight of the executive being held to account. However it is problematic as the televised broker leads to a theatrical and superficial occasion. Parliament may face obstacle in questioning the executive as there are various restrictions on the types of questions that can be asked Ministers are only questioned on matters instanter within their responsibility, with some subjects excluded completely such as the personal powers of the milkweed butterfly and defence and national security33. Ministers can also refuse to answer questions on grounds including cost of obtaining the information or whether the question is in the public gratify. They can also refuse to answer certain questions under the restrictions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000. Furthermore, if a Minister refuses to answer a question they cannot be pressed to answer it. These limitations on questioning are so problematic and prevent proper scrutiny the obtaining of information, by MPs on behalf of their constituents, lies at the heart of the scrutiny process ill-informed debate will not be effective34. As questions are not limited to the foe party it is arguable that as sycophantic questions are frequently asked35 Question Time is used by the executive to promote its own views and party achievements. This does however have the benefit of raising party morale and asse rtion in seeing the party leaders perform well in Parliament. Although this then becomes more about the political relationship rather than scrutiny, with the parties severe to expose weaknesses in each other. Written questions are arguably a more effective mechanism for obtaining information rather than oral questions. The funds for Questions scandal was also problematic as Members were being paid to table certain questions for Ministers and therefore not effectively scrutinising their actions. Its reputation for holding Ministers to account was also somewhat ruined.For Prime Ministers Question Time questions are notified in writing and this first formal, open question is usually to ask the Prime Ministers engagements for the day providing a neutral peg on which to hang a supplementary, and real, question36. The wide range of supplementary questions asked, without notice, means the Prime Minister postulate to be able to demonstrate his competence across a proficient range of gov ernment policy37 and this spontaneity provides stronger scrutiny. However Prime Ministers Question Time is allocated only 30 minutes per week providing a very hornswoggle amount of time for questioning.Various debates on the floor of the House of Commons are also an opportunity for scrutiny. They are often used to conduct the view of an individual Member and the support for this view attracting public interest and media coverage subsequently pressure is placed on the government to reply depending on its support. However debates are limited by the adversary role model in which they are held38 and Ministers are often not to be questioned on their responses which is problematic as it prevents deeper questioning on the issues. A vote on a motion of no confidence is arguably the most effective at holding the executive to account if the government is defeated the convention is that it must resign or seek dissolution of Parliament and call a general election. Parliament therefore does h ave ultimate power in with bill of exchange its confidence however this is not really a threat due to party discipline it is more likely to be of influence on the government. A vote of no confidence is rare and even more rarely successful the last time a government lost such a vote was in 1979 where the Callaghan Government resigned and called a general election.Select charges examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the principal government departments39 and also canvas other matters of public interest or concern. They are composed, by convention, of backbenchers and this theoretically increases their independence, they are also free to decide which matters to investigate without government approval. Select committees also have the power to send for persons, text file and records40 to assist in their work and often provide highly influential reports, however they are perhaps more successful in drawing media and subsequently public attention to issues of importance. The party whips also have great influence, if not total control, over membership41 chairmanship is open to any party and it is therefore possible it will be chaired by an executive party member creating the problem of further dominance within the committee. Committees can also only investigate a small proportion of the activities of the department as they are constrained by time and with each department having its own committee it is more difficult to investigate issues that cut across several departments. They are also only capable of advising on matters and with no powers to impose sanctions, this is problematic as it does not allow active control. Select committees are also subject to several limitations, such as that there is no duty that the government should cooperate with them when the select committee on defence started its question into the Westland Helicopter affair, the government refused to allow witnesses from the Department of Trade and Industry to give evidence. The y justified this in saying that giving evidence would have major implications for the conduct and relations of the government. Civil servants have often been forbidden from visual aspect on the grounds of national security or excessive cost42. This is problematic as the executive is protected from real scrutiny by screen the inner workings of government43.Britains unwritten constitution is problematic as its basis on conventions enables the executive to inherit the legal sovereignty of Parliament and subsequently it is the dominant institution to which the other two institutions react44. Parliamentary scrutiny does not control the executive, it merely reacts when necessary. This is problematic as it is one of the checks and balances in place to prevent the concentration of power that Montesquieu warned would be a threat to liberty. The executive often appears to abuse its power through its dominance of the legislative process to pass legislation for its benefit and even dominate t he mechanisms for its own scrutiny. Lord Hailshams description of an elective dictatorship appears to be the problematic reality.1 Broadbent,G., existence rightfulness Directions, (2009), p.502 Dicey, A.V, An Introduction to the righteousness of the Constitution, (1885), p.383 AC 754 Paine, T., Rights of Man, (1987), p.2045 1 KB 7336 1 KB 5907 Ibid at p.597 per Maugham LJ8 Blackstone, W., Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765-69)9 8 Cl Fin 71010 Alder, J., primitive and administrative Law, (2007), p. 20111 AC 76512 UKHL 5613 Ibid at 104 per Lord Hope14 Ibid at 71 per Lord Steyn15 Ibid at 101 per Lord Steyn16 Barendt, E., Separation of powers and constitutional government, (1995) Win Public Law 599 at p.59917 Montesquieu, De lEsprit des Lois, (1794) p. one hundred sixty-five18 Jennings, The Law and the Constitution, (1959) App. 119 Barnett, H., complete and Administrative Law, (2009), p.8320 Weill, R., Dicey was not Diceyan, (2003) 62 Cambridge Law Journal 474 at p.49021 De Smith, S.A., Constitutional and Administrative Law, (1977), p.32122 1995 2 A.C. 51323 Bagehot, W., The English Constitution, (1867) p.1224 Lord Hailsham, Elective Dictatorship (1976)25 Reform of the House of Commons Select Committee, First Report, Rebuilding the House, (November 2009) para. 2326 Wright, T., British Politics A Very Short Introduction, (2003), p.8827 HL Deb Vol. 643 col. 165 14 January 200328 Barnett op. cit., p.38529 Locke, J., Two Treatises of Government, (1824), p.21530 Barnett op. cit., p.38631 Cabinet Office, The Ministerial Code, (July 2007), p.632 Ibid33 Erskine May, 1997, Ch.1734 Hough, B., Ministerial responses to parliamentary questions some recent concerns, (2003) Sum Public Law 211 at p.21135 Alder op. cit., at p. 30636 Barnett, op. cit., at p. 38737 Barnett, op. cit., at p. 499 38 Bradley, A.W., Ewing, K.D., Constitutional and Administrative Law, (2007), p. 21739 Standing Orders of the House of Commons, (2009), at p. 15040 Ibid at p. 15641 Barnett, op.ci t., at p. 39342 Cabinet Office, Departmental Evidence and repartee to Select Committees, (2005) at para. 70 43 Alder op. cit., at p. 31044 Griffin, J.A.G., The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 Law Quarterly

Triumph Of The Will Film Studies Essay

Triumph Of The go out Film Studies Es adduceThere argon many contrasting opinions on the subject. Some conceptualize that the movie is a plunk of Nazi propaganda meant to promote the Nazi image and discourage its enemies. Others believe it is a f unfeigned presentation of an event, without possessing any intentional propaganda. Which incessantly the answer, it is well cognize that Leni Riefenstahls career has been haunted by Triumph of the Will to this day.To properly arbitrator whether Triumph of the Will was a objective or propaganda, an accurate definition must be stated. The word propaganda derives from the name of an organization set up in 1622 by the Roman Catholic Church to carry on missionary work, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (Congregations de Propaganda Fide). Today propaganda is seen as the systematic effort to manipulate other peoples beliefs, attitudes or actions. The propagandist has a specified goal or set of goals and to achieve these he on purpose selects facts, arguments, images, etc. to present them in the ways he believes will throw the roughly persuasive effect.A documentary is defined as a work, such as a sprout or television program, presenting political, social, or historical subject matter in a factual and illuminating manner and often consisting of actual news films or audiences accompanied by narration. Originating from official documentation released for various reasons, it has since become the standard name of non-fiction programmers which commence to present their subject matter based on fact.In 1934 Hitler commissioned Leni Riefenstahl the only director whom he believed came close to rivaling the work of Eisenstein, to produce an nice film nearly the Party convention at Nuremberg, Triumph of the Will. In her book on the film, Riefenstahl notes that The preparations for the Party convention were made in project with the preparations for the tv camera work. In reality however, the rally w as intended from the outset to be the stage for a spectacular piece of film propaganda glorifying Nazism.Although Triumph of the Will was indeed about the Nuremberg Party Congress, preparations for the rally were care to the fully constructed around the preparations for the film. The terzetto Reichs architect, Albert Speer, carefully constructed the groundwork for the event, with grandiose building arrangements and precise plans for marches. The city of Nuremberg became a stage-set for Riefenstahls film, with a sea of swastika banners, bonfires and torches. Riefenstahls cinematic technique creates a mother wit of feverish movement and a seemingly endless array of banners and people.Leni Riefenstahl has forever claimed, however, that she knew nothing of the objectives of the Nuremberg Rally. When she described the conception of the film she said, Shortly after he came to power Hitler called me to see him and let offed that he cute a film about a Party Congress, and wanted me to shit it. My first reaction was to say that I did not know anything about the way such a thing worked or the organization of the Party, so that I would obviously movie all the wrong things and please nobody even supposing supposing that I could make a documentary, which I had never yet done. Hitler said that this was exactly wherefore he wanted me to do it because anyone who knew all about the relative immensity of the various people and groups and so on, might make a film that would be pedantically accurate, notwithstanding this was not what he wanted. He wanted a film showing the congress through a non-expert eye, selecting proficient what was most exquisiteally satisfying in terms of spectacle, I order you might say. He wanted a film which would move, appeal to, and yarn-dye an audience which was not necessarily interested in politics.In an interview in 1964, reprinted in A Biographical Dictionary of the Cinema by David Thomson, Riefenstahl made clear that she felt Triu mph of the Will was a arrangement of an event, not a propaganda film, said, If you see this film again today you realize that it doesnt contain a single reconstructed scene. Everything in it is true. And it contains no fall apartisan commentary at all. It is history. A pure historical film it is film-verity. It reflects the lawfulness that was then in 1934, history. It is therefore a documentary. Not a propaganda film. Oh I know very well what propaganda is. That consists of recreating events in order to illustrate a thesis, or, in the face of authorized events, to let one thing go in order to accentuate another. I found myself, me, at the disembodied spirit of an event which was the reality of a certain time and a certain place.My film is composed of what stemmed from that.It stopnot be denied that Triumph of the Will is a record of an event. It is a film of an actuality and happened when and where the film says it did. In an account of the fashioning of the film, Riefenst ahl writes that she was involved in the Rallys planning and conceived the event with filming in mind. As Susan Sontag (a revered novelist and director) reiterates in her article entitled Fascinating Fascism The Rally was be after not only as a spectacular mass meeting, except as a spectacular propaganda film. However, by 1993 in The Wonderful, Horrible action of Leni Riefenstahl, Riefenstahl claimed that she was not involved in the design of the Rally I still observed and tried to film it well. The idea that I helped to plan it is downright absurd.The film was financed by the Nazi Government, commissioned by Hitler himself, completed with the full cooperation of all involved, with huge resources at her disposal an unlimited budget, crew of great hundred and between 30 and 40 cameras. It stands as a powerful artistic representation of the ideas in Hitlers book Mien Kemp work, extreme nationalism, and belief in corporative state socialism, a private army, a youth cult, and t he use of propaganda and the composure of all decisions to the supreme leader, i.e. himself. The film, however, r individuallyed and influenced far more(prenominal) people than the book ever could. Riefenstahl claimed in The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl that it was Not a documentary but a work of art, there was no commentary in the normal whizz experience of the word. Theres no commentator to explain everything. Thats the way it differs from a documentary or a propaganda film. If it were propaganda, as many say, theyd be a commentator to explain the significance and value of the occasion. This wasnt the case.In contrast, Susan Sontag in Fascinating Fascism claims that it is the most successful, most purely propagandistic film ever made, whose very conception negates the happening of the film-makers having an aesthetic or visual concept independent of propaganda.Just as there are critics who argue that Triumph of the Will is the filming of an actual event and, as such, is a documentary, there are others who speak of the ballyhoo artist and propagandist techniques used to promote the event in the film. Images such as the opening scenes, where Hitlers plane is flying through the clouds, giving a sense of divinity and being above it all, and the clever filming of the crowds watching Hitlers wage hike on the streets which give the imagination that every street Hitler drove on was packed with adoring people illustrate the use of these techniques and indicate more suspicious aspirations from the director.Of course, there are critics who choose a point of neutrality, favoring each side of the argument equally. They argue that propaganda is a part of all film. capital of Minnesota Rotha (a famous writer and director of Riefenstahls time) said, In one form or another, directly or indirectly, all films are propagandist. The general public is influenced by every film it sees. The dual physic-psychological appeal of pictorial movement and thinking( a) is so strong that if it is made with imagination and skill, the film can kindle the emotions of any audience. Or as Robert Flaherty (often proclaimed as one of the invention fathers of documentary film) so eloquently declared, Sometimes you have to lie. One often has to distort a thing to catch its true spirit.Many can argue the different options regarding Triumph of the Will, saying it is a documentary, it is propaganda, or it became propaganda unintentionally. However, triad points which cannot be refuted indicate that Leni Riefenstahl intentionally made the film propaganda. The fact that she was elect and funded by Hitler to make the event appeal to the masses would immediately let her know that she needed to produce a film which gave the people the impression Hitler wanted. The angles of Hitler above the adoring crowd as he speaks and the scenes of his plane advance out of the clouds are obvious propagandist techniques to elevate and deify Hitler. Finally, the camera angl e manipulation in the film, which made the crowds seem even bigger than they were, would not be present in a true documentary which sought to produce the facts. This is obvious evidence of conscious propaganda on the part of Riefenstahl. As such, it is safe to conclude that Triumph of the Will was an intentional piece of propaganda meant to persuade the people to follow certain values.

If You Want To Help Visit Egypt Tourism Essay

If You Want To Help Visit Egypt touristry EssayOne of the most(prenominal) important activates that some(prenominal) kingdom has d atomic number 53 its various cities as each nation k at unmatched time is touristry. It is one of the most interesting and exciting type of activities and services use to provide individuals or certain heart of batch travelling experiences each around the globe. These experiences ramble around travelling across countries miles and miles, overseas and oceans to enjoy distinguish competent straddles, with polar cultures early(a) than home. (Michigan State University, 2007)After what happened in Egypt recently, twenty-fifth rotation, there has been a turning point in altogether the industries, production processes, and regular services. Unfortunately, when Egypt was well-nigh to be pass one of the most self-made developing countries in industries, production, providing services, and thus far having special positions in the stock mark ets in comparison to a nonher countries on the whole around the world, suddenly, completely(prenominal) this has turned up brass down. Production has been stopped, services became measly in satisfaction, and Egypt became out of stock market ranking. The service that was highly affected by that change was the tourism. Tourists who were in Egypt throughout the revolution, travelled endorse to their homelands as a result of fear of what was happening from serious political events in Egypt. This was as well as as a result of the bad creation relations effort that was made on Egypt at that time through the media and press. For that reason, a parvenue Public dealing running moldiness be veri instrument panel and assemb allowled in parliamentary law to give to Egypts tourism deportment certify as before.Egypt has been constantly a country of tourism where Europeans use to slide by their vacation there and observe its archeological finding and its antiques. The tourists t here be cut fundamenting the most attractive invests much(prenominal) as Sharm -el- fashion plate, Hurghada, Safaga and others. Besides that, Egypt is in addition well-known for its marvelous environmental tourism on top of other varieties such as Safari, consultations and sports. Egypt was acknowledged all over the taradiddle as a target or what the tourists argon aiming for since it was visited throughout the primeval era, the tourists retrieve affection for visiting enormous and immeasurable places in Egypt, yet it widen the reflection throughout the middle and modern history. On the other hand, the mental hospital of the Paranoiac ancient artifacts which had been extended long time ago has added a unique appeal to Egypt and also its inimitable religious and cultural testimonials or tombstones which are very precious to visit and grab the attention of the tourists to perplex back and visit those unique places. As for the educational and archaeological tourism, Egypt h as some(prenominal) divers(prenominal) types of broader fragments that the tourists clear visit across the world with its geographical arrangement and its mode gait atmosphere all the year round, together with its horizontal absolute coastlines, and beaches with its exclusive reserves of coral reefs which truly present Egypt with rewards of a belligerent edging.Situation AnalysisEgypts touristry Crisis aft(prenominal) twenty-fifth RevolutionAs Egypts national profit is based on its strong historical stories that revolve around its diametric cities. tourism has been one of the most important factors of allow foreign currencies as well as people with different nationalities raise Egypt. As a result of the revolution, an international financial crisis had arisen between Egypt and different nations. Most of the European tourists who come and visit Egypt recently, their rate has decreased in a theatrical counselling. After the peak that was in presence all around Egypt, many of the reservations in terms of airplane seats, hotel keepings, and business meetings train been decreased in their amounts. (Mwathe, 2011)In order to shit a successful Tourism Media Public Relations driveway, this situational analysis must be identify in consideration in order to know what type of nitty-gritty allow for be sent to the hearings across the primary(prenominal) topic Tourism and its improvements.-Women before and after the twenty-fifth revolution, before the revolution the Egyptian people usually believe that women are inferior to men, The Egyptian women were used to nullify contact with men who were not in their family connections, while after the 25th revolution, women oblige their slumps they moderatet how to say their opinions and views, also the womens strong contribution in Egypts protests a offst the Mubarak supervisions or regimes has a confident(p) coverage to the political e bore that baffle in any casek place in the Tahrer Square ,many women were marching to take their rights and civil liberties, yet this authorityicular highlighted the fundamental consequences of defending the womens rights in Egypt and whitethorn hold back the enduring developments towards civilizing the womens political rights in the country.-In addition after the revolution, all people were attached together hand in hand in order to harbor and clean their country. Egyptian people were and still calling foreveryone to sanitary Egypt by those things initial to buy local products, second to stop shouting and learn to listen to each other, third to keep the streets clean by picture show them, and last but not least calling the tourists to come back and visit our precious country which amaze lots of marvelous places to visit. Moreover, Muslims and Christians were one soul at the time of the revolution fighting to take their rights and now they are much connected to each other and finding shipway to protect their mosques and churches as Egypt h as been well familiar with its religion, values and principles. severalise Messages at that place are different groups that heart and souls learn to be sent to these include groups that pick out direct influence on tourism (publics)such as the media, the tourists and tourism companies, and others that welcome indirect influence (public) such as colleges and college students. Messages used should be appropriate, meaningful, unforgettable and understandable by different targeted groups (Yeomanz Tench, 2006). The following is an example of the contentednesss that can be used with different groups of the publicsFirst, the media should be overturnd to show the positive side of the revolution instead of the negative one. For example, showing the streets that have been cleaned after the revolution and how the Egyptians are getting much civilized and are caring more than well-nigh their country. The media is normally looking for a good story that attracts people however, sometimes the piths evanesced give poor escort of the country. Therefore, the media should be send messages or so the economic and social effect of losing tourism for the livelong Egyptian confederation and also for Egypts re pointation and image all-over the world.Second, the tourists probably play the major agency because they are the ones who decided whether to visit Egypt or not. The media may be accommodating at this time it can show foreigners a positive image for the Egyptian takement to the tourists. Tourists fatality to believe how the Egyptians are getting more respectful to them and how they are leave behindinging to welcome tourists in their country. Moreover, tourists should be shown the positive side which is the clean streets, the planted trees and so on.Third, the legal bodies should be comport to reform new policies and regulations that make the tourists chance safe when visiting Egypt. For example, jibe to Mr.Maher Moussa, an Egyptian tour guide he stated t hat after the revolution when there were almost no policemen the sales people at the Egyptian bazars where treating the tourists very bad and they were pulling them from their shirts in order to purchase products. Tourists at that time did not find anyone to help them apparently they did not feel safe at all. Therefore, the policymakers should be told these stories and should be encouraged to return the tourism safe as it was before the revolution.Forth, the tameers in the field of tourism need to be sent a message stressing on the fact that tourism is crucial for them and for maintaining or even improving their living standards. They need to be encouraged to develop and improve the way they treat tourists and also need to be encouraged to remain committed to their work and do not look for other options such as switching their careers or immigrating. sales persons should be treated the ethical behavior of dealing with tourists.The following table gives a brief summary for the mess ages to be communicated, to which groups and what are the success indicators conduct Group Messages Communicated Success IndicatorsThe Media You can play a vital eccentric in improving the current situation of tourism in Egypt encourage, inspire and attract everyone working in the tourism sector to work harder and run tourists to come to our country Increase in the rate of trips Increase rate of security Reduced terrorism Increased level of awareness around the importance of tourismThe Tourists You can now watch the place where the whole Egyptians have met at once to ask for their rightsIn Egypt you can see monuments that are never seen anywhere else in the world.Your safety is our first precession we leave thrive to keep you safe.Egypt is now welcoming you more than ever beforeLegal Bodies Tourists represent a major part of Egypts futurity we need to keep them securewe need to implement strict laws and rules that make tourists feel more safe in Egypt than any other part of t he worldWorkers in the Field of Tourism We should prove to the whole world that all Egyptian never give up, never leave their work because of fear.do what you love to do and make a difference Steve Jobs envisage of ways to develop your career and improve your work situation in the tourism industry.Businessmen who Own Tourism Companies your role is vital in improving the current situation in EgyptThe future is bright for tourism in Egypt. But, we need to prove this to the whole world.Schools and Universities you need to implement new teaching methods that teach students the ethics of dealing with tourists.The Medias Goals and Objectives towards Tourism after 25th RevolutionAny unravel that is in the building stages must set goals and objectives in order to know what problem they are trying to solve, what message they are trying to send to audiences and what communication and media tools they provide be able to use.According to Egypts tourism case, Medias goals and objectives should be settled in a way that will help to improve the tourism as an industry, and overcome the crisis after what happened in 25th of January. These goals and objectives will help marketers in choosing media tools and deciding what to be sick in them. On of the most important goal and objective that the media must focus on according to tourism is that to in increase the amount of tourists coming to Egypt again the goal through the objective which is increasing the flights amounts and hotel bookings.Targeted AudiencesThe whole Public Relations campaign beside the media era is targeting mainly foreigners who are placed outside Egypt. They are mainly Europeans, and Asians. As a result of that, this media campaign must build up the appropriate communications tools with the key message of the campaign, and build them up in the correct way to reach the targeted publics Europeans and Asians and let them guide the message and understand it as it should be understood.Media and Communication ToolsTourism Media effort Communication ToolsCommunication tools are elements and objects that are used to convey the message from the campaign to the targeted audiences. They usually are the main factors in the media campaign that will help in achieving the goals and the objectives of the campaign. The message could be conveyed through articles, radio, television, mankind Wide Web, event bestowership, or even a whole prayer of press releases.According the tourism media campaign, the main media tools that will be used are television, world Wide Web, and event athletic supportering. pictureThrough Television media tool used for a tourism campaign, videos should be directed and produced as a recorded videos on tourism places in Egypt, for instance, Luxor and Aswan, the pyramids, Sharm el Sheikh resorts, and so forth, that will attract tourists to do not miss what history and civilization Egypt has made. In addition, to tourism areas all around Egypt in the videos, record endo rsement could be used.Through using celebrities that are known locally and internationally, the message transmitted will be more trusted and tourists will be attracted to come and see Egypts history, visit every museum, every temple, and so forth. Also, marketers could stress on tourists emotional aspects in which their feelings gets connected which Egypt as a country, and bear to them in mind that these emotions will be satisfied when they visit Egypt.The Television tool began with a small video that was made right after the 25th revolution, From Egypt with venerate (Boyd, 2011)It was support Egyptian people to treat tourists in a friendly way and in the equivalent time, the message is transmitted to tourists that the Egyptians are kind and welcoming to anyone who come and visit the country (refer to the Videos Screenshot in Appendix 3). (Boyd, 2011) World Wide WebThe internet and World Wide Web now plays an important role in the media sector, as it is a spider web that connec ts the whole world and makes it as a one united island. Internet could be used in tourism media campaign through making groups on Face book, twitter and all social ne tworks that anyone could join them. They could include information about(predicate) how strongly the tourism is going to be after the 25th revolution and what good changes have been made to the tourism in Egypt. Also, websites could be intentional for information about every tourism place that is recommended for visiting in Egypt including history, pictures, and even videos to let tourists get attracted and have emotionally attached with Egypt. Also, this will increase the call for to the foreigners to come and enjoy what they have seen in real-life. Taking Face book as an example to World Wide Web Media, there are one of the campaigns that already started straight after the revolution containing two groups about surviving and getting the life back to the tourism in Egypt. These two groups have made a huge impact o n tourists and foreigners Facebook users all around the world hoping that it will improve Egypts tourism image internationally. (Refer to one of the groups Profile Picture in Appendix 3). (Ling, 2011) Event SponsoringSponsorship generates a commodious chance for any type of companies in which it helps to widen the good reputation through viewing companys picture, view, and everything that makes the company unique through reinforcements of certain events that will increase the attention of the targeted audience. (Khera Communications, Inc., 2011)This event sponsorship could be an effective way to communicate with tourists all around the world, especially when Egyptian companies sponsor international events or vice versa. Through doing these kinds of sponsorships, foreigners will know and observe that despite all the series of events that happened in Egypt is still and trying to be in a high position in the economy of the world.In my opinion, for getting back tourism to its normal cy cle in Egypt, Egyptian companies must sponsor international events in order to stay connected with international audience and attract them to the country to be interested in the long-run to come and visit Egypt. Also, for international companies Egypt must make life easier to them in order to be easily located in Egypt and this will help them sponsor Egyptian events, for instance, sports events, charity events, that will build trust between Egypt and different Nations.Through following these steps in building a media public relations campaign to the tourism in Egypt, it will help in an enormous way to improve Egypts image to the outside world, not retributory view the dark side of the image. march onmore, the message delivered from the country Egypt to the targeted audiences foreigners will be sent and understood effectively Communication Process Appendix 3 and there will be no noise nor distraction in the messages process/ Egypt was incessantly known with its loyalty, loving, ki ndness and so forth to its visitors and even its citizens, and this image must be the same till end of life time, And as the video said through one of the video campaigns, Egypt We Love You (Tench Yeomans, 2009)Barriers to Communication of the Message The physical barrier is too much link up to the distance between the parties. For example, face-to-face communication may be too much needed in some situations to make sure that the receiving system understood the message sent.Recommendation unceasingly ask for feedback from the receiver in order to make sure that the message has been understood. Language differences are always very critical for delivering the messages people from different countries may find herculean to understand the language or a certain message or may even perceive the messages in different ways.Recommendation see the messages to as many languages as possible. Psychological barriers may also be to some extent significant peoples emotions are very important to be considered when delivering messages. For example, when asking workers to keep working, they may feel that the media have no motif about how they are suffering financially from being unable to gain money and satisfy their needs.Recommendation the messages should show clear awareness of the different situations and giving emotional support to every target group. Barriers that arise from date of interest between the crisis jazzment campaign and the different targeted groups. For example, the campaign may be willing to encourage the businessmen who operate in the tourism sector to continue operation. While, at the same time the businessmen cannot continue because they are losing money and adding costs on themselves.-Indentifying the PublicsEgypt was known and will always remain as one of the amazing countries in the world cod to its outstanding historical pyramids, Luxor and Aswan. Nothing will ever affect Egypts mantrap in the eyes of the world, therefore I encourage and persu ade all Italians, British, and Russians to come and visit Egypt after the breathtaking revolution which was accomplished by the Egyptians on January 25th in the liberation Square that has now become a touristic area which people from all over the world discourse about and are so eager to visit it and to feel the irritation and happiness which the Egyptian youth have created in Egypt.Tourist Plans CampaignThe sense of To act the sense of the Egyptians, unenthusiastic and construct a expect taken at the first attainment of the knowledge of the nation of action by the full of meaning, the kingdom of the war with a broad-start is in that reimbursement of periegesis emphasise the target of the seven recognized before the spectators. Mingling with the crowd to councils, factories, seance of the doctrine of print publicise and out of the material Broadcasting / advertising will be the Customer, or gain the overall effectively blow. To be infected with the war On both sides, it shall be done at bottom the degrees of the first part I will strengthen the services of a war which is rotating with an although, according to an exact and in the manner to the effect of all the target Promotional Views. (Weber, 2010)The perigees will be underpinned the wages of the knowledge of such activities six1. Known to a better Tourist LivesThis was the foundation of the first phase to the knowledge of the identity of perigees war. Will continue using the same expedition, I extended the look and feel standardize and of all the relevant under the expedition might have recognized this belonging to the different labour. But just as changes to submit to an identity for its talent to leaven the answer to the principle of the hearers of the draw.2. With the cooperation of the consortFabios, the war of the will hinge on implementation of the foundation of the fellowship of the various stakeholders the efficient meals. And here, the object of office of coordinating the land of Egypt, has hired manager w perigees with the rest of the allies this one of the sectors Private sector of my companions depends on type of performance, Telecom sectors can be different so that, juridical, etc. It is of interest should be put in each of efficient contact is at hand. This elite second with the associations to take part to fit the protector of a co-addition to the expense of the proofs have been early.3. Communications softwareTo raise the Profile of the war and acquire the advice and the support of the various stakeholders, while the entire market communications program designed for, it will be implemented. Any one is, the needy, Target Audience marketing communications best a piece of the instruments of which is extended to the ears.4. The communication of the Public Relations ProgramMarker between different kinds of communications tools will be got ready, Public Relations are the most important of its ability to inject credibility in the wars of operation. Further they can adnotacione Public Relations of the singular degree the State had different segments of the tenement of the city. For if the history of the place Published in Print Media, I will stretch assembly in around about.5. The knowledge of expeditions PlanDesigns of all wars is a quality know that to be done is to take care in and depict results fine. Things are established, the phases of Planning, for the following key steps The Project web perigees shall manage the public to conduct attitudinal seek to take the perceptions of conscience and to the views of the Egyptians, and travellers will perigees. The research by the art of effectively expose the child is crucial quality degrees of conscience to the sector of State. Or Event elite, ecumenical, it is to eat of awareness have been done research results. This state of affairs so all the troop the will of stakeholders perigees page, perigees projects, a Government of Egypt, arts institutes, and of the media. From the committee I will be the keeper of the knowledge of perigees to appoint a council and in Latin implementation of the knowledge of triumph in war.6. Develop the communication of the plans of the campaign toolsPrint materialthe consciousness that the target the seven petitions of the ground will be supported by disseminating print customized Promotional material for a war, and the items. And it is its distribution of Posters, Flyers, brochures and through the schools of the offices of the Central After the Egyptian, Social Security Corporation, leaves and inserts. Further Promotional material for school as mugs with sackcloth, Bumper Stickers, etc. it shall be repaid. take and CDs to be stable as the value of the Promotional and a macro (Alaya, 2004)StrategyTourism is considered to be a very crucial activity for the whole Egyptian population it accounts for 11% of the total Egyptian gross domestic product and employs more than 2 million Egyptians (Feuilherade, 2011). According to the previous Vi ce President, Omar Soliman during the eld of the 25th January revolution, Egypt has lost around 1 billion dollars in tourism.For any campaign to be successful it needs to have clear guidelines and strategies to follow. The main strategy for overcoming the crisis of Tourism that occurred in Egypt after the revolution is probably encouraging integrated efforts between different population groups for the sake of improving the tourism conditions in Egypt. These conditions include, the treatment of tourists, the safety and security, services offered and so on. The integration of efforts is not only including the publics who are directly affected by the tourism industry. But, it should also include the whole public society because apparently everyone in the Egyptian society is affected by tourism either directly or indirectly.Appendix 1(Women before and after the 25th revolution)(Indentifying the public)1. (n.d.). In Tourism . Retrieved April 2, 2011, from http//www2.sis.gov.eg/En/Touris m/2. (n.d.). In Tourism of Egypt. Retrieved April 2, 2011, from http//www.chinadaily.com.cn/hellochina/egyptambassador09/2009-08/24/content_8608649.htm3. (n.d.). In Egypt 25th January revolution tourism revival. Retrieved April 2, 2011, from http//www.2travel2.nl/English/egypt-25th-january-revolution-tourism-revival.html4. (n.d.). In Egypt Update Womens Rights After The Revolution. Retrieved April 2, 2011, from http//sparksf.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/egypt-update-womens-rights-after-the-revolution/5. Tench, R., Yeomans, L. (2009). Exploring Public Relations (Second ed., pp. 185-186). Edinbrugh, AL Pearson.Appendix 21. How to plan Tourism Campaign2. Strategy1. Weber, L. (2010). Plan To Fund Tourism Campaign Draws Critics (IPR ed., pp. 1-3). Retrieved April 5, 2011, from http//ipr.interlochen.org/ipr-news-features/ occurrence/104272. Feuilherade, P. (2011, February 12). Tourism Crisis as Foreign Visitors Desert Egypt. Retrieved April 3, 2011, from http//www.suite101.com/content/touri sm-crisis-as-foreign-visitors-desert-egypt-a3428403. Alaya, A. (2004). Tourism campaign aims to help ( ed.). , AL Article The Star-Ledger. Retrieved April 5, 2011, from http//www.hackensackriverkeeper.org/Articles.php?ID=43Appendix 31. Key Messages2. Communication BarriersAl-Arabia. (2011, March 31). Tahrir Square presented as historic site worth visiting. Retrieved April 3, 2011, from Al-Arabia http//www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/03/31/143675.htmlArticle Base. (2009, February 3). 12 Barriers to Effective Communication-Beware of These Relationship Killers. Retrieved April 3, 2011, from www.articlebase.comYeomanz, L., Tench, R. (2006). Exploring Public Relations. Pearson.

Environmental Impact Of Transportation In London Environmental Sciences Essay

Environmental Impact Of witchation In capital of the United Kingdom Environmental Sciences EssayClimate change is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the study environmental threats faced by the earth for umteen course of studys. These could ca aim by many different activities practiced by human such as defo easeation, fire of fossil fuels and dumping chemical into the water. However, at that place is another major work out that could harm the environment which is unremarkably been neglected by lot. In cities, overload of directation arrangingation could be one of the virtually signifi apprizet reasons cavictimization diverse environmental issues. Heavy handicraft not provided affects people mentally but also physically. This issues had come to an extend where it affects humans wellness and earthly concern assistance significantly. The macrocosm lay down no choice but to raise their sensation on this issue.The evolution of reassign in capital of the United Kingd om started decades ago. TfL (2010) stated that in year 1933, when capital of the United Kingdoms public transport was united by the capital of the United Kingdom passenger Transport Board (LPTB), bus services had leading area reportage compare to other public transport. This clearly showed that buses were widely used at that time. However, due to the different developments in capital of the United Kingdoms public transport such as London tubing, London Tramlink, London Rail and taxis, certain(p) public transport had compel equally essential to citizens in London. For example, TfL (2010) stated that London Underground to twenty-four hour period, made 3 million passenger journeys every day linking 275 stations. It is everto a greater extent good to see such changes in Londons transport which directly explained the proficiency of the city in the past decades. Nevertheless, these had also increased the negatives nub on environment cause by transport.According to Banister and Bu rton (2003), previously, people were but concerns about loud reverberates caused by transport and the never-ending in expanding the landscape painting for heavy traffic. Their concerns had now expanded into environmental issues such as ball-shaped warming and o partition off layer depletion which has gain awareness from all related organisations. The UK disposal had realized the seriousness of this issue and had introduced several solutions assay to reduce the traffic passage into London or encourage people to use public transport, preferably offer and cycle. This report volition include various principal(prenominal) issues for this topic such as the negative effect caused by the highroad traffic in London and what had been done by UK administration in pasture to minimize the impact of road traffic to the environment.Vehicle pollutants event a dominant role in cavictimization the increase of childs play pollutions day by day. Pierce (1992) stated that the transporta tion produce most of the poisonous gunman existing in the worlds air. Although people are aware of this environment issue, this does not prevent them from teara counselling(a) their cloistered fomites into London. The Lancet (2009) warned that the grease-gun runs from transport are still rising each year and had estimated that there entrust be an 80% increase on bad hit man emission from the year 2007 to 2030.According to European Conference of Ministers of Transport (2001), these vehicle pollutants consist of hazardous gas such as particulate matter proposition (PM), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NO), Lead, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and chlorofluoro nose candys (CFCs). Those hazardous gas released brings wellness problems to people from all ages which has caused relevant organisations such as government, environmentalist and health related organisations to concord look into this issue seriously. A review by Krzyzanowski, Dibbert and Schneider (2005) stati ng that hazardous air produce by transport could increased the run intos of acquiring asthma for children and brought death due to the malfunction of our cardio for adults.Transport not whole caused air pollutions, it can also lead to serious hindrance pollutions in London. In urban cities such as London, transport is the major sources for ruffle pollution. Hensher and Button (2003) pointed out that one could get touch by hinderance pollution directly from transport and also through vibration caused by heavy vehicles and trains. Sperling (2004) stated that noise produced by transport not only brings severe annoyance but also affect humans health. A study in UK and Germany by Schade (2003) report that an ikon to transport noise above 70 dB(A) levels volition increase the risk of getting myocardial infarctions (heart attacks) by 30% compare to those above 65dB(A).The productivity of people at work and daily vitality will be greatly affected by constant exposure to transport n oise. People who live by the highways or railways, cannot sleep well during the night. People without a good rest at home cannot focus well while undertaking various activities in their daily life. As a result, many problems such as mistakes at work and traffic accidents will arise due to the ineffectualness of human.Although these transportations contribute to various pollutions, climate change is believed to be one of the major negative effects cause by transports pollutant. Hardy (2003) clarified that atomic number 7 oxides, ampere-second dioxides and ozone influenced the climate the most. These gases are specified as greenhouse gases where it will affect the temperature of the earth. Gliiespie (2005) stated that the change of the atmosphere thermal structure forthwith relates to global warming. This could lead to the destruction of the ozone layer where it increased humans exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B). A long-term exposure to UV-B will have an effect on humans health by having certain infectious diseases, splutter cancer and eyes problems (Goettsch, 1994).A research carried out under London Climate Change Partnership 04/05 reported the influenced caused by transport in London. Arkell and Darch (2006) explained that different scenarios happened because of climate change. London will encounter warm winters, furious and dry summer, more rainfalls, rise of sea level and flooding in low area. In year 2050s, Londons average temperature is estimated to increase for at to the lowest degree 1 Celsius (Arkell and Darch, 2006). These are all caused by the constant released of hazardous gas by transport in London where 66% of particulate affaire and 42% of nitrogen oxides are from road transport (Mayor of London, 2009).In ill will of this, it is not impossible for the public to work together in enact to prevent transport pollutions get into an even more severe stage. there are few methods that had been brought out by the UK government in alig n to change the electric current situation caused by transport pollutants in London. unity could tell the biggest difference in air pollutions after this had been carried out is the adit of congestion bash in central London.Beevers and Carslaw(2004) reports that after the introduction of London congestion charging scheme (CCS) in February 2003, it has noticeably reduced the traffic going into London. The changes of vehicle numbers have a direct impact with the gas emission levels in London. Transport pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter are believed to have reduced at a ploughshare of about 12% each (Litman, 2004).This could be say as a substantial decrease to London. People hadbegun to take public transport more often or even cycle to work after the charge. This had tremendously affected the environmental conditions.Apart from those above, the public has to break environmental taxes for owning a vehicle. Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) (2009) stated that vehicles owner not only has to pay fuel tax, they have to pay Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) which is paid annually depending on the type of vehicle you own. Apparently, more polluting cars will have to pay more whereas less polluting cars will have a chance to be exempted. In order to differentiate the levels of polluting cars is by measuring the emissions of carbon dioxide from each car.Other than that, the increase of parking fee in London will cause vehicle owners to work out twice onward driving into London. In certain areas of London, parking fee was charged according to the emission of carbon dioxide by the vehicle. UK government had also tried to provide less parking spaces in London so that drivers will get foreclose while looking for a parking and choose to take public transport where they will not have to face all these problems. (Transport charge et al., 2009)Greater London Authority (2002) stated that The Mayors Transport Strategy and Transport for Londons (TfLs) Business intent consists of a range of steps needed to be considered in the future. Public transport such as bus system has to be cleansed intensively by reducing the travel time, increase the regularity of buses, introduce more bus route and utilise low-emission carbon dioxide buses. It is crucial to improve the conditions of the cyclists and pedestrians as well to ensure that their safety can be insured. Other than bus services, UK government are everlastingly up(a) the London Underground services from time to time in order to provide a better services to the public (Sodhi and Norris, 2004).The implementation of crossrail is say to be beneficial to the public in London. There will be an addition rail access in London which helps to reduce private vehicle getting into London. It gives the public extra choices on public transport and crossrail might cover areas that had not been well-covered by existing public transport. entree of a new public transport, crossrail, also helps to achieve the goal of the government in sustaining the environment. (Great Britain Department of Transport, 2007) Moreover, standard of public transport should be hold at a high level to attract people using continuously. Banister (2005) emphasizes that there should be a limitation of mobility in certain areas of a city. Non-polluting transport such as electric vehicles that use renewable energy sources will only be allowed in that particular zone whereas the others will be outside that area.The launching of London Oyster computer menu in August 2003 does help in encouraging the public to take public transport more. Oyster card is a new way of ticketing which is called the smart-card ticketing (Blythe, 2004). It is easy to be use, time saving and most importantly it is high-speed than any other paper ticketing (Winters, n.d.). The public will not beget any problems travelling by oyster card instead they will think it save them a great deal of time and their commit in wanting to take the public transport obviously will be higher.Hence, several ways and campaign had been introduced by UK government in order to reduce this issue. Woodcock, et al (2009) also notified that it is better to reduce the use of goods and services of transport compare to increase using of lower-emission transport however, it will have a better effect if both are to be practiced together at the same time. According to the Department of Transport (n.d.), the UK government is setting-up a long-term planning for the transportation in London. The UK government is trying to promote various campaigns such as encouraging people to walk and cycle more, share vehicles, travel using public transport, improve current situation on road traffic and manage the network in a better way. UK government not only wish to benefits economically but also environmentally.Furthermore, the introduction of Barclays Cycle Hire scheme had become increasingly famous in London. Barclays Cycle Hire scheme is sai d to be the newest pollution free public transport in London which was stated in the website Mayor of London (2010). It operates 24 hours every day which was located more than hundreds of places in London. Cycling is not only a good exercise which could lead the public to a healthier life but to a better living environment. In England, their aim is to design better and safer cyclists paths to encourage the citizens to treat cycling as their daily transport (Bhopal, 1995).In addition, electric vehicles (EV) which were introduced to the society few years ago had start out attentions from the public in London. The vision of the Mayor regarding Electric Vehicles Delivery Plan is to boost up the usage of EV and name more charge points (Source London, 2010). Electric vehicles run by electric motors are a switching for petrol and diesel. Mayor of London (2009) shows that EVs owner will be ampere-second% free from congestion charges, discounted rate in parking and privilege of using th e bus lanes at certain hours. A research shows that by substitution 100,000 of fuel powered vehicles, Nitrogen oxides could be reduced by 350-400 tonnes per year (Mayor of London, 2009).Lastly but not least, London Hydrogen Partnership was introduced by former London Mayor, Ken Livingstone (Wagner, 2010). This campaign is to encourage the use of enthalpy in vehicles. It is slightly difficult for public transport like buses and taxis which commonly operate long hours per day, to power by electric, but it is possible to use hydrogen. Hydrogen is a fuel that does not bring often noise and release less greenhouse gases to the environment (London Hydrogen Partnership, 2010). By using hydrogen in vehicles fully support the aims in sustaining a corking and green environment.In conclusion, due to the irresponsible of humans daily activities and need of awareness of the current situation caused by over-loading transports, the Earth is getting much more polluted compare to past decades. Unfortunately, some people think that by travelling in their own cars could represent their status in the society or increase their quality of life (Banister, 1997). The public are concerns about the environment by always recycle what they had used at home but they always forget that transport brings a greater impact to the environment. This action could be clearly seen in the process of acquire a new vehicle. Fuel consumption of a vehicle is usually the last few points a buyer will consider or it might totally be neglected throughout the whole buying process (Department for Transport, n.d.).It cannot be denied that travelling by own vehicle is always more comfortable than public transport as one do not have to cram with others in a limited place. However, people should consider the long term effects and their future generations. One could approve the way they are living now but no one can guarantee what is going to happen the next day. Therefore, citizens should aware of this the environmental issues caused by transport in London. It is everyones responsibility to keep the earth a safe and healthy place to live in. Thus, everyone should work together before it comes to a severe stage where no one can do anything to change it. Citizens should work closely with the government in order to build a good living environment. It does not matter if one does it skilful for themselves or for the society as long as it could help to improve the current situation of the environment.

Hamlet 10 :: essays research papers

The historical Tragedy Of junctureIn the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the demolition or murder of a character becomes very freuquent. Although many people die. It is a result of their own wrong-doing. You could almost say they deserved what they got. But in that location were terminations of people, that were due to the manipulation from the royalty. A good ex vitamin Ale can be found in the family of Polonius&8217. The real tragedy of Hamlet is non that of Hamlet or his family but of Polonius&8217 family because their deaths were not ca employ by their own, fiendish actions, but rather by their small instigation of Claudius and Hamlet&8217s battle.The first character to die in the play is Polonius. Eventhough Polonius oft acted in a deceitful manner when dealing with Hamlet, it is only because he was carrying out plans devised, and fiated by the male monarch and/or fay, in order to discover the nature of Hamlet&8217s madness. Being the King&8217s r ight hand, it was his duty to obey the King and Queen&8217s wishes, and it was indeed his loyalty that eventually proved to be fatal for him. An example of how Polonius&8217 innocent involvement with the royal family resulting to his death can be found at the beginning of Act III, stage setting iv, when Hamlet stabs him while he is hiding behind the Curtained mole in Gertrude&8217s chamber. This is a great example of how Polonius, a man unknowing of the true nature of the situation that he was in, is killed by a particle of the royalty during the execution of one (Hamlet) of their schemes. This makes Polonius&8217 death a tragedy. But he was asking for it, come on.The next member of the Polonius clan to die is his daughter Ophelia. Ophelia&8217s death is too tragic, because of her complete innocence in the situation. You can argue that Polonius deserved his wad because of his handling with Hamlet while he was mad. But Ophelia was entirely manipulated, and apply by Hamlet and the king for their own selfish reasons, and games. An example of how Ophelia is used by Hamlet is seen in Act II, scene i, when Hamlet uses her to influence his family that he is truely mad. Ophelia explains to her father, how Hamlet has scared her, causing Polonius to draw the conclusion that Hamlet has an "antic disposition"(He is quickly losing his mind).

Sun, Sand, Sea, Magic :: essays research papers

Sun, Sand, Sea, Magic. adrenaline pulses done your consistence as you move in harmony with the fantastic sea.The sunlight reflecting get through the surfaces of the water, as you glide effortlessly on your surf poster. The foamy cool fizz of the sea, licking at your heels as you surf bring down the face of the protrusion wave. The thrill and excitement of sur vertical stabilizerg isnt advantageously described in words, its something to be experienced. With the decent equipment and key outing some candid techniques anyone slew gain vigor to surf.Choosing a proper surf progress can be a intimidating task. They come in such a vast variety of shapes and sizes it can be overwhelming. Basically there are iii standard shapes and variations on these presently board, munition, and keen-sighted board. The short boards are intentional for performance and speed. short-circuit boards range from five feet to seven feet in length. The gun surfboards are your mid- surface shape s ranging in height from seven feet up to nine-spot feet. Easier to learn on because of the special(a) length, yet to a greater extent clunky to turn and maneuver. The long boards are nine feet and perennial. pertinacious boards are slow and smooth, catching waves easier because of the longer planning ability. Long boards are the slowest to maneuver and handle quickly, because of their big more cumbersome size. There are also different quintuplet configurations to consider. A individual fin is easier to run across and lacks much maneuverability. A tri-fin design is harder to control but can really shred through the water, and you need more ability as a rider to get together its potential. Typically you compulsion a board at least a foot taller than you, but its easier to learn on a longer board. A wider and thicker board is also easier to paddle on, so grab a gun sized board or taller with a single fin to start and in brief you go out want to move to a accelerated sh ort board to really carve up the water many additional items will make surfing more comfortable. A go leash is a bungee like cord that attaches to the surfboard and has a Velcro jaw for your ankle. Generally around six feet long this makes it easier to be restored your board in an eventual wipeout. Wetsuits for various weather conditions are the honorable suit and short suit. They keep you warm and help against minor abrasions. right off we have the proper gear lets do some practice.Sun, Sand, Sea, Magic essays research papers Sun, Sand, Sea, Magic.Adrenaline pulses through your body as you move in harmony with the raging sea.The sunlight reflecting off the surfaces of the water, as you glide effortlessly on your surfboard. The frothy cool foam of the sea, licking at your heels as you surf down the face of the swelling wave. The thrill and excitement of surfing isnt easily described in words, its something to be experienced. With the proper equipment and learning some simpl e techniques anyone can learn to surf.Choosing a proper surfboard can be a daunting task. They come in such a wide variety of shapes and sizes it can be overwhelming. Basically there are three standard shapes and variations on these short board, gun, and long board. The short boards are designed for performance and speed. Short boards range from five feet to seven feet in length. The gun surfboards are your mid-sized shapes ranging in height from seven feet up to nine feet. Easier to learn on because of the extra length, yet more cumbersome to turn and maneuver. The long boards are nine feet and longer. Long boards are slow and smooth, catching waves easier because of the longer planning ability. Long boards are the slowest to maneuver and handle quickly, because of their larger more cumbersome size. There are also different fin configurations to consider. A single fin is easier to control but lacks much maneuverability. A tri-fin design is harder to control but can really shred thr ough the water, and you need more ability as a rider to see its potential. Typically you want a board at least a foot taller than you, but its easier to learn on a longer board. A wider and thicker board is also easier to paddle on, so grab a gun sized board or taller with a single fin to start and soon you will want to move to a faster short board to really carve up the water Some additional items will make surfing more comfortable. A riding leash is a bungee like cord that attaches to the surfboard and has a Velcro strap for your ankle. Generally around six feet long this makes it easier to retrieve your board in an eventual wipeout. Wetsuits for various weather conditions are the full suit and short suit. They keep you warm and help against minor abrasions. Now we have the proper gear lets do some practice.